Personal Finance - Credit

I'm taking a break from my stock market portfolio to talk about credit this morning.

The banks seem to be on a mission to raise credit card rates, close accounts, and generally, make as much money off folks as they can.

Now, I love the concept of capitalism so I do not argue against their right to do this. However, you need to protect yourself as you can, and in this day and age, that also means protecting your credit score. Let me give you an example.

My wife has had a Bank of America credit card for nearly 20 years now. Due to our particular circumstances, this card rarely was used - we considered it primarily an emergency card - a very temporary place to throw charges on in case of major car repairs or family news requiring travel, for example. We have not used it for over a year, and last week she tried putting a small charge on it, simply to have used it. Imagine her surprise when she was declined, and found out BoA had cancelled the card, without informing us.

The company would not reinstate the account, although of course they asked if she wanted to apply for a new card. This was hurtful to our credit for two reasons.
First, she has had this account for a very long time - longer than any of my accounts! Part of your score is determined by the duration of your credit relationships. Closing this account probably shaved 10 to 30 points off our score.
Second, closing the account lowered the amount of credit we have available by $18,000. Our ratio of debt to debt capacity got raised - which will also lower our score.

Recent signs have the economy improving in the short term, but there are still some issues in the banking system that need to be worked out. Lending standards may be tight for years in the future - and your credit score is solely responsible for if you can get a loan, and if so, how much, and at what rate that loan will be for. Here are a couple tips:

1. Use each of your cards at least once a year.
2. If you are going to close an account, all else being equal, first close the account that you have had for the shortest amount of time.
3. Make sure you pay your cards on time. One late payment on ONE card can kick off mandatory rate increases on ALL your cards.
4. Check your credit history at least once a year, for free, at http://www.annualcreditreport.com/. There are three credit bureaus, and you can check each once per year for free. Make sure you go to the site listed above, as others may charge you for accessing a credit report. Each of the three may have slightly different information, so it is worthwhile to check all three, but consider staggering them throughout the year, maybe one each four months. (for most people, checking all three may not be necessary - unless you have been informed any of your personal information has been stolen)
5. Open your "junk mail" - make sure it is not something from your existing accounts, changing your account terms. Many banks are raising interest rates (for an interesting video about BoA raising a lady's rate from 13 to 30%, and her reaction, see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGC1mCS4OVo) and you do have an option. If you do not need the account, you have the right to close the account and keep the existing rate until you pay it off under the original terms. Be aware this may affect your credit score, however, as it will change your debt ratios...

If you have questions, please leave a comment. I'll do my best to reply to all.

Regards,
Trond